Get a conceptual and fundamental learning of diagnostic tests for infectious diseases.

Antigen-Antibody reactions

Introduction

1. What is Antigen?

2. What is Epitope?

3. What is Antibody?

4. What is Paratope ?

5. What are the general features/characteristics of Antigen antibody reactions?

6. What is the difference between Immunology and Serology?

7. Understand the concept of Affinity and Avidity with examples

8. What is Sensitivity and Specificity of a diagnostic test?

9. What are the stages of antigen antibody reactions?

10. Understand difference among Primary stage, Secondary stage, Tertiary stage.

Precipitation

1. What is Precipitation?

2. What is Flocculation ?

3. What is Lattice hypothesis ?

4. What are Prozone, Postzone, Zone of equivalence? What is the significance of them?

5. Precipitation in liquid reactions with examples

6. Ring precipitation with example

7. Flocculation test:Slide flocculation test with example (VDRL test, RPRtest)and tube flocculation with example (KahnTest)

8. What is Immunodiffusion ? Precipitation in gel with examples

9. What is the principle, method and result interpretation of Oudin procedure?

10. What is the principle, method and result interpretation of Oakley–fulthorpe procedure ?

11. What is the principle, method and result interpretation of Radial immunodiffusion ?

12. What is the principle, method and result interpretation of Ouchterlony procedure ?

13. What is the principle, method and result interpretation of Electroimmunodiffusion ?

14. What is the principle, method and result interpretation of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis ?

15. What is the principle, method and result interpretation of Rocket electrophoresis?

16. What is the principle, method and result interpretation of Laurell’s electrophoresis?

Agglutination

1. Agglutination definition, Types of agglutination reactions, Slide agglutination, Tube agglutination, heterophile agglutination, Coombs test, Direct coombs test, Indirect coombs test, Passive agglutination , Latex agglutination

   
   

   Complement Fixation test

1. Principle

2. Method

3. Result interpretation

4. Use